Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a condition that affects a woman’s hormone levels. MEDICAL ANIMATION TRANSCRIPT: What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS)? A hormonal disorder causing enlarged ovaries with small cysts. Ovulation: Egg travels down the fallopian tube. Polycystic ovary syndrome: Pituitary gland may release abnormally high amounts of luteinizing hormone in blood. Disrupting normal menstrual cycle, resulting in immature follicle and irregular or skipped period. It can lead to infertility.